全过程人民民主是科学有效的制度安排
Sound and Effective Institutions for Whole-Process People’s Democracy
秋平
Qiu Ping
全过程人民民主的制度安排主要有人民民主专政的国体、人民代表大会制度的政体、中国共产党领导的多党合作和政治协商制度、最广泛的爱国统一战线、民族区域自治制度和基层群众自治制度等。
The institutions for whole-process people’s democracy include the state system of people’s democratic governance, the people’s congress system as the system of state power, the system of CPC-led multi-party cooperation and political consultation, the most extensive patriotic united front, the system of regional ethnic autonomy, and the system of primary-level self-governance.
习近平总书记在中共二十大报告中重申了中国宪法关于国体的基本规定，指出“我国是工人阶级领导的、以工农联盟为基础的人民民主专政的社会主义国家，国家一切权力属于人民”。
In his report to the 20th CPC National Congress held in October 2022, General Secretary Xi Jinping reaffirmed the basic provisions of China’s Constitution regarding the nature of the state, declaring that “China is a socialist country of people’s democratic dictatorship under the leadership of the working class based on an alliance of workers and farmers; all power of the state in China belongs to the people.”
人民代表大会制度把中国共产党的领导、人民当家作主、依法治国有机统一起来。是符合中国国情和实际、体现社会主义国家性质、保证人民当家作主、保障实现中华民族伟大复兴的好制度，是在中国政治发展史乃至世界政治发展史上具有重大意义的全新政治制度。
The system of the people’s congresses ensures unity between CPC leadership, the running of the country by the people, and law-based governance. It is a sound system that accords with China’s national conditions and realities. It represents the socialist nature of our state, ensures that the people run the country, and provides safeguards for national rejuvenation. As an entirely new political system, it is of major importance in the history of China’s political development and even that of the world.
中国共产党领导的多党合作和政治协商制度植根中国土壤、彰显中国智慧，又积极借鉴和吸收人类政治文明优秀成果，是中国新型政党制度。这一制度实现了执政与参政、领导与合作、协商与监督的有机统一，是人民当家作主的重要实现形式和社会主义协商民主的重要制度载体。
The system of CPC-led multi-party cooperation and political consultation is grown out of Chinese soil. It embodies Chinese wisdom, while also drawing on and absorbing the outstanding political achievements of other countries. It is a new type of political party system developed in China. This system facilitates integration between governance and participation, leadership and cooperation, and consultation and oversight. It is an important way of ensuring that the people run the country and a vital institutional vehicle for socialist consultative democracy.
统一战线是中国共产党凝聚人心、汇聚力量的强大法宝。中国共产党始终把统一战线摆在重要位置，坚持大团结大联合，坚持一致性和多样性相统一，团结一切可以团结的力量、调动一切可以调动的积极因素，最大限度凝聚起共同奋斗的强大力量。
The united front is an important instrument for the CPC in rallying the people’s support and pooling their strength. The CPC has always placed great importance on the united front. It is committed to achieving great unity and solidarity, balancing commonality and diversity, uniting all forces that can be united, and mobilizing all positive factors available in order to pool as much strength as possible for collective endeavors.
民族区域自治制度是在国家统一领导下，各少数民族聚居的地方实行区域自治，设立自治机关，行使自治权的制度。极大增强了各族人民当家作主的自豪感责任感，极大调动了各族人民共创中华民族美好未来、共享中华民族伟大荣光的积极性主动性创造性。
The system of regional ethnic autonomy is one in which, under unified state leadership, regional autonomy is exercised and offices for this purpose are set up in areas with large ethnic minority populations. This has greatly enhanced the sense of pride and responsibility among people of ethnic groups in running their own affairs. It has stimulated the initiative, enthusiasm, and creativity of people from all ethnicities, enabling them to collectively work toward creating a bright future for our nation and to share in the pride of the Chinese nation.
以村民自治制度、居民自治制度和职工代表大会制度为主要内容的基层群众自治制度，使人民群众在基层党组织的领导和支持下，依法直接行使民主权利，实现自我管理、自我服务、自我教育、自我监督，有效防止了人民形式上有权、实际上无权的现象。
The system of primary-level self-governance mainly consists of the systems of village self-governance, resident self-governance, and employee congresses. With the leadership and support of primary-level CPC organizations, people can exercise their democratic rights directly and lawfully and manage, serve, educate, and oversee themselves. This system effectively prevents a situation where people hold nominal but not real power.
中文编辑：郝遥
英文编辑：李晓琼
审校：张娴 衣小伟
审核：李振通
监制：于波
