中英双语 | 秋平：认真履行特殊困难群众兜底保障职能

认真履行特殊困难群众兜底保障职能

Fulfilling Our Function of Meeting the Basic Needs of Extremely Vulnerable Groups

秋平

Qiu Ping

  习近平总书记强调，民生无小事，枝叶总关情，对困难群众要格外关注、格外关爱、格外关心，帮助他们排忧解难，要求各级民政部门要聚焦脱贫攻坚、聚焦特殊群体、聚焦群众关切，更好履行基本民生保障、基层社会治理、基本社会服务等职责，完善社会救助和社会福利制度，针对特殊困难群众的特点和需求精准施策，确保兜住底、兜准底、兜好底。

  完善社会救助体系。会同有关部门进一步完善低保等基本生活救助制度，将低保边缘家庭中的重病、重残人员单独纳入低保，着力做到“应保尽保、应救尽救”。截至2023年11月底，全国救助城乡低保对象4045万人，其中城市662万人，农村3383万人。全面推行由急难发生地实施临时救助，加大对临时遇困人员的救助力度，2023年已实施临时救助543.8万人次。

  Improving the social assistance system

  Working alongside relevant departments, we have refined basic living assistance systems, such as the subsistence allowance scheme. In doing so, we have incorporated people with serious illness or severe disability from families just above the threshold of eligibility. Such efforts have ensured coverage and assistance for all those who need it. By the end of November 2023, the urban and rural subsistence allowance program had provided assistance to 40.45 million people, including 6.62 million urban residents and 33.83 million rural residents. We have rolled out a program for local governments to provide temporary assistance to people affected by disasters or emergencies in their jurisdictions, thereby enhancing support for people facing temporary hardships. In 2023, some 5.44 million recipients benefited from temporary assistance.

  加强低收入人口动态监测，织密扎牢社会保障网，推进分层分类社会救助体系建设，与教育、医疗、住房和城乡建设、乡村振兴、工会、残联等部门建立共享机制，对符合条件的及时给予常态化救助帮扶。加强特困人员救助，全国保障特困人员469.4万人，其中城市36.5万人、农村432.9万人。加强政府救助与慈善帮扶有效衔接，引导支持公益慈善力量参与社会救助。指导各地扎实开展“寒冬送温暖”和“夏季送清凉”专项救助行动，保障了极端天气条件下临时遇困人员的人身安全和基本生活。

  We have stepped up dynamic monitoring for low-income residents and established a tightly woven social security net by developing a multi-tiered and categorized social assistance system. We have put in place sharing mechanisms with the departments for education, healthcare, housing and urban-rural development, and rural revitalization, as well as with trade unions and disabled persons’ federations. This has helped ensure timely and regular assistance and support for all those who are eligible. Assistance for those in financial difficulties has been bolstered, benefiting 4.7 million individuals, including 365,000 urban residents and nearly 4.33 million rural residents. We have enhanced alignment between government assistance and charitable support and provided guidance and support to public-interest and charitable entities involved in providing social assistance. We have also guided local authorities in effectively implementing special relief initiatives to provide essential support during severe winter cold and extreme summer heat. This has helped ensure the personal safety and basic living conditions of people affected by extreme weather.

  提升儿童福利水平。坚持儿童利益优先原则，健全困境儿童控辍保学长效机制，完善事实无人抚养儿童保障措施，推动流动儿童、留守儿童权益保障工作更加科学精准。持续提高孤儿、事实无人抚养儿童基本生活保障标准，纳入社会救助和保障标准与物价上涨联动机制。

  Enhancing child welfare

  In line with the principle of prioritizing children’s interests, we have put in place a long-term mechanism to curb school dropout rates and ensure consistent attendance among children in adversity. We have strengthened the support measures for children without guardians and have taken well-conceived and targeted steps to protect the rights and interests of rural migrant workers’ children who either live with them in cities or those left behind in rural areas. We have steadily raised basic support standards for orphans and children without guardians, integrating them into the mechanism of social assistance and social security benefits against commodity price increases.

  组织实施“孤儿医疗康复明天计划”，帮助残疾儿童健康成长。加强教育帮扶，实施“福彩圆梦·孤儿助学工程”，为考入大中专和高等院校的孤儿发放助学金。推进儿童福利机构优化转型，统筹养育、教育、医疗、康复、心理健康一体化发展，为儿童成长提供更好条件。

  Additionally, we have organized the implementation of the Tomorrow Plan, which focuses on medical rehabilitation for orphans, thereby providing support for the healthy development of children with disabilities.To enhance educational support, we have implemented a welfare lottery-funded project to help orphans realize their dreams by providing scholarships for those who have been offered places at secondary vocational schools and higher education institutions. We have also advanced efforts to transform and improve child welfare organizations and adopted an integrated approach to childrearing, education, medical care, rehabilitation, and mental health. These efforts have resulted in a better environment for children to grow up in.

  健全残疾人福利制度。完善困难残疾人生活补贴和重度残疾人护理补贴制度，截至2023年12月底，分别惠及困难残疾人1182万人、重度残疾人1573.3万人。各地普遍建立补助标准动态调整机制。部署开展“精康融合行动”，加强精神障碍康复服务体系建设。推动建成康复辅助器具产业园区49个，加快推进康复辅助器具社区租赁服务。

  Improving the welfare system for people with disabilities

  We have improved the living subsidy system for people with disabilities facing financial difficulties and the care subsidy system for people with severe disabilities. By the end of December 2023, these systems had benefited 11.82 million people with disabilities facing financial difficulties and 15.73 million persons with severe disabilities. Local governments nationwide have established dynamic adjustment mechanisms for subsidy standards. We have launched an integrated mental health initiative to strengthen rehabilitation services for mental disorders. We have promoted the construction of 49 industrial parks for producing rehabilitation assistive devices and accelerated the development of community rental services for such devices.